![]() Articular cartilage reduces pressure and acts as a shock absorber during movement of the shoulder bones.Įxtra stability to the glenohumeral joint is provided by the glenoid labrum, a ring of fibrous cartilage that surrounds the glenoid cavity. The ends of all articulating bones are covered by smooth tissue called articular cartilage which allows the bones to slide over each other without friction enabling smooth movement. ![]() The clavicle also forms a protective covering for important nerves and blood vessels that pass under it from the spine to the arms. It forms two joints: the acromioclavicular joint, where it articulates with the acromion process of the scapula, and the sternoclavicular joint where it articulates with the sternum or breast bone. The clavicle bone or collarbone is an S-shaped bone that connects the scapula to the sternum or breastbone. The Acromion and coracoid processes serve as places for attachment of the ligaments and tendons. The scapula has four bony processes - acromion, spine, coracoid and glenoid cavity. It serves as the site of attachment for most of the muscles that provide movement and stability to the joint. The scapula is a flat triangular shaped bone that forms the shoulder blade. The two bones together form the glenohumeral joint, which is the main joint of the shoulder. An irregular shallow cavity in the scapula called the glenoid cavity forms the socket for the head of the humerus to fit in. The end of the humerus or upper arm bone forms the ball of the shoulder joint. The shoulder is a ball and socket joint made up of three bones, namely the humerus, scapula, and clavicle. The shoulder is the most flexible joint in the body enabling a wide range of movements including:Īs a result, the shoulder joint is considered the most insecure joint of the body but the support of ligaments, muscles and tendons function to provide the required stability.
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